Innovative Chemical Solutions from shinde chemicals

Chile is the copper epicenter: Codelco (9 mines, 1,423 KT) and BHP/Anglo/Glencore run major portfolios there.
Freeport-McMoRan anchors production in Indonesia (747 KT) and the USA (607.5 KT across 7 mines).
Andean–African corridor: Peru, DRC, Zambia host large assets for Anglo American, Glencore, First Quantum.
Australia adds BHP (232 KT) and Glencore (30 KT). Overall, a handful of miners control multi-continent supply.

Supply flows from South America, Australia, USA, and EU to Asia.
Big importers: China (net +1.98 MT) and India (net +0.310 MT); also strong demand in Japan & South Korea.
Key exporters: EU (net −1.0 MT), USA (net −0.88 MT), Japan (net −0.375 MT), plus South America & Australia.
Net effect: Western producers ship scrap/secondary Cu to Asian smelters and manufacturers, powering global copper recycling and manufacturing supply chains.

USA: 0% import duty on copper scrap; strong incentives—tax credits/deductions plus federal Recycling & Sustainable Materials grants.
EU: 0% scrap duty across most member states; guided by the 2020 Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP).
China: 0% duty on scrap; 4% tax on copper rod imports; smelters increasingly use 20–25% scrap in feed.
Japan: Deposit-refund schemes, tax exemptions, and the Home Appliance Recycling Law mandating copper recovery.
India: Basic customs duty cut to 0% (Union Budget 2025–26); National Scrap Recycling Policy launched to formalize and streamline the sector.

2015: MMDR Act ushers in transparent auctions of mineral blocks.
2018–20: 2 CL copper blocks auctioned; HCL ICC smelter shut; Vedanta Tuticorin plant closed.
2021: Adani starts a 0.5 MTPA refinery (plus 0.5 MTPA by 2029). Duties eased—scrap 5%→2.5%, concentrate 5%→2.5%; PLI support for copper tubes.
2022: Vedanta wins a CL block; Govt lists 30 critical minerals (incl. copper).
2023: QCO notified for 9 copper product standards; two more CL blocks auctioned.
2024: Concentrate BCD cut to 0%; Reverse Charge Mechanism applied to metal scrap.
2025: Customs duty eliminated on waste & scrap of several critical minerals, including copper.

India Copper Flow (FY24) — Snapshot

Domestic mining is tiny: only 2% of supply is extracted/processed in India.
The system runs on imports + recycling: 29% from processing imported concentrates/anodes/blister, 38% from recycling (EoL products & imported scrap), and 31% from direct imports of cathodes/semis/OEMs.
Net cathode available: 0.844 MT (0.509 MT domestic + 0.335 MT net imports).
Scrap to direct melting: ~0.66 MT (0.368 MT domestic + 0.291 MT net imports).
Net copper semis to end-use: 1.72 MT (1.503 MT domestic + 0.22 MT net imports).
Key refiners active: Hindalco (Birla Copper), Adani, Vedanta.

Copper is 100% recyclable with no loss of properties—recycled copper is identical to mined copper.
32% of global copper demand is met by recycled copper; around 40% of all copper in circulation today is from recycling.
India recycles only ~1%, highlighting a large opportunity to scale collection and processing.
Circular flow: factory & consumer scrap → dealers/collection → re melting → semi-finished products → end-use → return—keeping copper in use longer and cutting carbon and costs.